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Avatar photoTorsten Müller

Torsten Müller is senior researcher at the European Trade Union Institute.
Gavel crashing onto broken pavement symbolising legal or judicial disturbance.

After Landmark EU Court Judgement: The EU Minimum Wages Directive Is Alive and Kicking

Torsten Müller and Thorsten Schulten

The landmark ruling validates the directive's approach to adequate wages and collective bargaining, dealing only minor setbacks to its implementation across Europe.

EU Minimum Wage Directive Before the European Court of Justice: It’s Not All Over Now…

Thorsten Schulten and Torsten Müller

EU’s minimum wage directive is under threat.

Not done yet—applying the minimum-wages directive

Torsten Müller and Thorsten Schulten

The directive has already changed the landscape on setting minimum wages and extending collective bargaining.

Minimum-wages directive—history in the making

Torsten Müller and Thorsten Schulten

The directive fundamentally strengthens collective bargaining and trade union power.

More ambitious European minimum-wages directive demanded

Torsten Müller and Thorsten Schulten

The European Parliament has upped the ante, beyond a European Commission proposal, on a minimum-wages directive.

Minimum-wage directive: yes, but …

Torsten Müller and Thorsten Schulten

The draft minimum-wage directive is a crucial first step but more needs to follow on the way to a social Europe.

The European minimum wage will come—but how?

Torsten Müller and Thorsten Schulten

The principle of a European minimum wage is established. How it should be set is not.

The European Social Pillar – Towards An EU Minimum Wage Policy?

Torsten Müller and Thorsten Schulten

On 26 April, the European Commission launched its proposal for a European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR) as a flagship initiative to strengthen the EU’s

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Mental Health
Eurofound Talks: The housing struggles of Europe's youth

The generational housing crisis is the focus of the most recent episode of Eurofound Talks. The discussion highlights the pervasive challenge of rising property prices across the European Union which have surged by over 55% since 2010, while rents have followed a similarly aggressive upward trajectory. From the rise of boomerang children to the role of the new European Commissioner for Housing, this episode examines how to restore affordability for a generation.
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The Great Unravelling

Read the book "The Great Unravelling"

The book "The Great Unravelling", edited by Patrick Diamond and Ania Skrzypek, delves into the impact of growing economic interdependence, free trade and technological change, which has led to new forms of political polarisation that seek to capitalise on and exploit the resentments fuelled by the rise of globalisation.
Featuring a stellar line-up of policymakers, experts and academics, the book assesses whether a viable compromise between globalisation and social progress remains achievable.

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WSI Report

WSI Minimum Wage Report 2025

The trend towards significant nominal minimum wage increases is continuing this year. In view of falling inflation rates, this translates into a sizeable increase in purchasing power for minimum wage earners in most European countries. Most EU countries are now following the reference values for adequate minimum wages enshrined in the European Minimum Wage Directive, which are 60% of the median wage or 50% of the average wage.

DOWNLOAD THE REPORT

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Social Europe

The European Employment and Social Rights Forum was back in Brussels and online on 3-4 March 2026

This year’s edition addressed the EU’s response to the challenges many people face today: the rising cost of living, job insecurity, and changes in the labour market. Opinion leaders, policymakers, businesses, academics and civil society are invited to explore bold ideas to support Europe’s greatest strength: its people.

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Health

🇪🇺 Building a Resilient, Equitable EU Health Union: The S&D Blueprint


From securing pharmaceutical autonomy and guaranteeing universal access to care (the European Health Guarantee) to combatting non-communicable diseases and closing the Gender Health Gap. Read the S&D Group in the European Parliament Position Paper demanding that health becomes a priority across all EU policies.

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HESA Magazine Cover

Here comes the sun - The formal transposition and political impact of the European Directive on Adequate Minimum Wages in the EU

This new ETUI report examines both how Member States have formally transposed the Directive into national law and its broader political impact, particularly how it has shaped national debates and policy agendas on minimum wages and collective bargaining.

READ HERE

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