Social Europe

  • EU Forward Project
  • YouTube
  • Podcast
  • Books
  • Newsletter
  • Membership

Building back better workplaces

Iván Williams Jimenez, Aude Cefaliello and Ana Cristina Ribeiro Costa 12th February 2021

With the EU strategic framework on occupational safety and health expiring, the post-pandemic version should prioritise prevention and wellbeing.

occupational safety and health,OSH
Iván Williams Jimenez

The coronavirus crisis has taken a huge toll on the health and wellbeing of essential workers in particular. In so doing, it has demonstrated the inadequacy of conventional approaches to occupational safety and health (OSH). These are premised on the enforcement of compliance with national or European laws, while presuming the goodwill of employers to protect the health and safety of their employees.

In the post-pandemic scenario, it will be more important than ever to understand better the challenges of securing quality jobs and sustainable workplaces in the future.

occupational safety and health,OSH
Aude Cefaliello

Fundamental limitation

The 1989 OSH directive (89/391/ECC) has been the cornerstone of the European Union legal framework for the past three decades, including general principles of prevention centred on employers’ duties to protect their workers’ health and safety. These principles are flexible and, so far, have managed to adapt to the evolution of work and new risks.

occupational safety and health,OSH
Ana Cristina Ribeiro Costa

With the emergence and growth of alternative forms of work and employment, however, the framework has shown a fundamental limitation—its scope. Even if the directive applies to all, the fact that the rights and duties revolve around the existence of an employer excludes de facto the self-employed.

The outgoing EU OSH strategy for 2014-20 did not make explicit the health and safety protection of self-employed or freelance workers. This gap was surprising, considering that the International Labour Organization started raising awareness on the ‘dependent self-employed’ in 2003. The implications of the growing grey zone between the status of employee and that of the dependent or precarious self-employed go beyond the contractual, touching directly on health.

Not only are these workers usually excluded from most national social and welfare benefits but their precariousness deleteriously affects their health. Extending part of the OSH legal protection to the self-employed is politically achievable. The coming strategic framework is the opportunity to go a step further, by aiming to apply the protection of OSH legislation and policies to self-employed workers.

New challenges

Contemporary OSH law faces new challenges relating to working conditions and organisation, whose social and individual aspects generate new occupational risks, including the psychosocial. The latter should be considered not as a discrete OSH issue but at the core of the employment relationship.

Historically, OSH law has only obliquely addressed psychosocial risks, via regulations on working time, holidays, rest periods and work-life balance. They must however be repositioned as key subjects of concern and treated as such by the new strategy.

The pandemic has had a scarring effect on employees’ mental health and wellbeing. Management of psychosocial risks has been one of its main shortcomings, as recognised by the United Nations, the World Health Organization and the ILO.

The crisis will moreover disrupt the post-pandemic world of work. With workers increasingly exposed to risks associated with the novel use of technology—as in working remotely—and jobs becoming more emotionally demanding, a preventative stance on OSH should be intensified and enforced.

Healthier workplaces

EU institutions must lead the way in promoting healthier workplaces, which contribute to richer societies as well as happier individuals. The new strategy should thus take a public-health approach, with the union and member states dedicating funds to OSH capacity-building, as a part of a plan to enhance individuals’ health and wellbeing, while still recognising the employer’s role and enforcing responsibility.

The Covid-19 crisis has clearly demonstrated that working conditions are changing more rapidly than regulatory frameworks. The old-fashioned approach of OSH legislation—focused on compensation and driven by cost-benefit analysis of policy interventions—has proved hopelessly reactive, when the safety and health of workers is more pressing than ever. In this new scenario, health and safety as a fundamental right must always come first, as part of a human-centred approach to decent work and workers’ welfare.

The pandemic is expected to have long-term effects on labour relations and working conditions, placing many workers at risk of erosion of their health and safety and so deterioration of their physical, mental, social, financial and digital wellbeing. Stronger European co-operation, through social dialogue and tripartism, must thus be firmly embedded in the new framework, giving the key players in EU decision-making a louder voice in promoting a minimum floor of OSH, while providing social justice and working conditions which respect the health, safety and dignity of all.

With the existing EU strategic framework imminently expiring, we have a unique opportunity to build back better—and use this crisis to do things differently by prioritising safer, healthier and more sustainable workplaces.

Iván Williams Jimenez, Aude Cefaliello and Ana Cristina Ribeiro Costa

Iván Williams Jimenez is policy and advocacy manager at the Institution of Occupational Safety and Health. Aude Cefaliello is a researcher in occupational health and safety at the European Trade Union Institute. Ana Cristina Ribeiro Costa is a guest lecturer at Universidade Católica Portuguesa and a lawyer and senior partner at Gama Lobo Xavier, Luis Teixeira e Melo e associados. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organisations to which they belong.

Harvard University Press Advertisement

Social Europe Ad - Promoting European social policies

We need your help.

Support Social Europe for less than €5 per month and help keep our content freely accessible to everyone. Your support empowers independent publishing and drives the conversations that matter. Thank you very much!

Social Europe Membership

Click here to become a member

Most Recent Articles

u4219834664e04a 8a1e 4ee0 a6f9 bbc30a79d0b1 2 Closing the Chasm: Central and Eastern Europe’s Continued Minimum Wage ClimbCarlos Vacas-Soriano and Christine Aumayr-Pintar
u421983467f bb39 37d5862ca0d5 0 Ending Britain’s “Brief Encounter” with BrexitStefan Stern
u421983485 2 The Future of American Soft PowerJoseph S. Nye
u4219834676d582029 038f 486a 8c2b fe32db91c9b0 2 Trump Can’t Kill the Boom: Why the US Economy Will Roar Despite HimNouriel Roubini
u42198346fb0de2b847 0 How the Billionaire Boom Is Fueling Inequality—and Threatening DemocracyFernanda Balata and Sebastian Mang

Most Popular Articles

startupsgovernment e1744799195663 Governments Are Not StartupsMariana Mazzucato
u421986cbef 2549 4e0c b6c4 b5bb01362b52 0 American SuicideJoschka Fischer
u42198346769d6584 1580 41fe 8c7d 3b9398aa5ec5 1 Why Trump Keeps Winning: The Truth No One AdmitsBo Rothstein
u421983467 a350a084 b098 4970 9834 739dc11b73a5 1 America Is About to Become the Next BrexitJ Bradford DeLong
u4219834676ba1b3a2 b4e1 4c79 960b 6770c60533fa 1 The End of the ‘West’ and Europe’s FutureGuillaume Duval
u421983462e c2ec 4dd2 90a4 b9cfb6856465 1 The Transatlantic Alliance Is Dying—What Comes Next for Europe?Frank Hoffer
u421983467 2a24 4c75 9482 03c99ea44770 3 Trump’s Trade War Tears North America Apart – Could Canada and Mexico Turn to Europe?Malcolm Fairbrother
u4219834676e2a479 85e9 435a bf3f 59c90bfe6225 3 Why Good Business Leaders Tune Out the Trump Noise and Stay FocusedStefan Stern
u42198346 4ba7 b898 27a9d72779f7 1 Confronting the Pandemic’s Toxic Political LegacyJan-Werner Müller
u4219834676574c9 df78 4d38 939b 929d7aea0c20 2 The End of Progess? The Dire Consequences of Trump’s ReturnJoseph Stiglitz

KU Leuven advertisement

The Politics of Unpaid Work

This new book published by Oxford University Press presents the findings of the multiannual ERC research project “Researching Precariousness Across the Paid/Unpaid Work Continuum”,
led by Valeria Pulignano (KU Leuven), which are very important for the prospects of a more equal Europe.

Unpaid labour is no longer limited to the home or volunteer work. It infiltrates paid jobs, eroding rights and deepening inequality. From freelancers’ extra hours to care workers’ unpaid duties, it sustains precarity and fuels inequity. This book exposes the hidden forces behind unpaid labour and calls for systemic change to confront this pressing issue.

DOWNLOAD HERE FOR FREE

ETUI advertisement

HESA Magazine Cover

What kind of impact is artificial intelligence (AI) having, or likely to have, on the way we work and the conditions we work under? Discover the latest issue of HesaMag, the ETUI’s health and safety magazine, which considers this question from many angles.

DOWNLOAD HERE

Eurofound advertisement

Ageing workforce
How are minimum wage levels changing in Europe?

In a new Eurofound Talks podcast episode, host Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound expert Carlos Vacas Soriano about recent changes to minimum wages in Europe and their implications.

Listeners can delve into the intricacies of Europe's minimum wage dynamics and the driving factors behind these shifts. The conversation also highlights the broader effects of minimum wage changes on income inequality and gender equality.

Listen to the episode for free. Also make sure to subscribe to Eurofound Talks so you don’t miss an episode!

LISTEN NOW

Foundation for European Progressive Studies Advertisement

Spring Issues

The Spring issue of The Progressive Post is out!


Since President Trump’s inauguration, the US – hitherto the cornerstone of Western security – is destabilising the world order it helped to build. The US security umbrella is apparently closing on Europe, Ukraine finds itself less and less protected, and the traditional defender of free trade is now shutting the door to foreign goods, sending stock markets on a rollercoaster. How will the European Union respond to this dramatic landscape change? .


Among this issue’s highlights, we discuss European defence strategies, assess how the US president's recent announcements will impact international trade and explore the risks  and opportunities that algorithms pose for workers.


READ THE MAGAZINE

Hans Böckler Stiftung Advertisement

WSI Report

WSI Minimum Wage Report 2025

The trend towards significant nominal minimum wage increases is continuing this year. In view of falling inflation rates, this translates into a sizeable increase in purchasing power for minimum wage earners in most European countries. The background to this is the implementation of the European Minimum Wage Directive, which has led to a reorientation of minimum wage policy in many countries and is thus boosting the dynamics of minimum wages. Most EU countries are now following the reference values for adequate minimum wages enshrined in the directive, which are 60% of the median wage or 50 % of the average wage. However, for Germany, a structural increase is still necessary to make progress towards an adequate minimum wage.

DOWNLOAD HERE

Social Europe

Our Mission

Team

Article Submission

Advertisements

Membership

Social Europe Archives

Themes Archive

Politics Archive

Economy Archive

Society Archive

Ecology Archive

Miscellaneous

RSS Feed

Legal Disclosure

Privacy Policy

Copyright

Social Europe ISSN 2628-7641