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Carlos Vacas-Soriano

Carlos Vacas-Soriano is a research manager in the employment unit at Eurofound. He works on wage and income inequalities, minimum wages, low pay, temporary employment and employment quality.

Europe’s Wealth Gap Threatens Social Cohesion As Housing Crisis Deepens

Carlos Vacas-Soriano

Extreme wealth concentration across the EU undermines opportunity and security for millions while property ownership becomes increasingly unattainable.

Closing the Chasm: Central and Eastern Europe’s Continued Minimum Wage Climb

Carlos Vacas-Soriano and Christine Aumayr-Pintar

Minimum wages in Central and Eastern Europe continue to rise.

A diverse regional picture in income disparities across Europe

Carlos Vacas-Soriano

After years of being sidelined in the European policy debate as labour markets recovered in the wake of the Great Recession, inequality is back on the agenda.

inflation,minimum wage,minimum wages,Europe,EU,European Union

Ensuring adequate minimum wages in an age of inflation

Carlos Vacas-Soriano and Christine Aumayr-Pintar

Minimum wages have risen across Europe this year. Inflation is eroding them.

Minimum wage—yet another gender divide?

Carlos Vacas-Soriano

The number of minimum-wage earners has increased across Europe over the last decade—and they are more likely to be women.

Minimum wages rise, but more slowly

Carlos Vacas-Soriano and Christine Aumayr-Pintar

Convergence of central and eastern-European EU members towards older ones with high minimum wages is much stronger than in the Mediterranean countries.

The new Spanish minimum wage

Carlos Vacas-Soriano

Raising wage floors is one way to reduce inequality and stimulate recovery in Europe. A big uplift in the Spanish minimum wage this year provides a test bed.

Germany’s Minimum Wage Has Reduced Wage Inequality

Carlos Vacas-Soriano

Wages grew and wage inequality fell in most EU countries in 2015. Germany is not one of the countries where wages rose most but it

Europe’s Shrinking Middle Class

Carlos Vacas-Soriano and Enrique Fernández-Macías

The Great Recession depressed real income levels across European countries. But the impact was very unequal across countries and income groups. Countries in the European

EU Income Inequality And The Great Recession

Carlos Vacas-Soriano and Enrique Fernández-Macías

EU-wide income inequality declined notably prior to 2008, driven by a strong process of income convergence between European countries. The Great Recession broke this trend.

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WSI Report

WSI Minimum Wage Report 2025

The trend towards significant nominal minimum wage increases is continuing this year. In view of falling inflation rates, this translates into a sizeable increase in purchasing power for minimum wage earners in most European countries. Most EU countries are now following the reference values for adequate minimum wages enshrined in the European Minimum Wage Directive, which are 60% of the median wage or 50% of the average wage.

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