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Avatar photoBéla Galgóczi

Béla Galgóczi is Senior Researcher at the European Trade Union Institute and editor of Response measures to the energy crisis: policy targeting and climate trade-offs (ETUI, 2023).

Europe’s Green Jobs Crisis: Why Slow Decarbonisation Threatens Employment More Than Climate Action

Béla Galgóczi

Lagging investment in clean technologies poses a greater risk to European jobs than the green transition itself.

Can the EU’s Tariffs on Chinese EVs Save Its Auto Industry?

Béla Galgóczi

EU imposes tariffs on Chinese EVs—but can this safeguard jobs and competitiveness, or must Europe rethink its clean tech strategy?

A socio-ecological contract for a Europe in transition

Béla Galgóczi

The decarbonisation of Europe must be accelerated—which requires a new European social model.

Sharp energy-price shock met fuzzy responses

Béla Galgóczi

National measures adopted amid the energy crisis missed the opportunity to pursue social and climate goals.

E-fuels: a synthetic solution to the real problem

Béla Galgóczi

The European Union’s compromise on e-fuels opens the back door to an afterlife for the combustion engine.

Ukraine and the geopolitics of the energy transition

Béla Galgóczi and Paolo Tomassetti

The worst scenario of an ‘unjust transition’ has hoved into view with the Russian invasion of Ukraine. But another Europe is possible.

‘Leaving no one behind’: putting words into actions

Mehtap Akgüç, Kalina Arabadjieva and Béla Galgóczi

The climate transition and its social dimension demand more powerful instruments than the European Commission proposes.

Is Europe socially fit for the ‘Fit for 55’ package?

Béla Galgóczi

The centrality of market mechanisms to the European Commission’s climate package poses big questions as to its effectiveness and distributional impact.

Why should just transition be an integral part of the European Green Deal?

Béla Galgóczi

In our series on ‘just transition’, Béla Galgóczi focuses on what it means for the key sectors of coal and cars.

2008: The Year East-West Wage Convergence Came To A Standstill

Béla Galgóczi

The crisis has put an end to wage convergence of the poorer Central and Eastern European new EU member states (EU-11, being: Czechia, Estonia, Hungary,

After COP 21: The EU Needs To Revise Its Climate Policy Targets

Béla Galgóczi

The 2015 COP21 summit in Paris was presented as a last chance to reach a global agreement to control climate change caused by human activity.

Europe’s Fading Climate Policy Ambitions

Béla Galgóczi

Europe is losing momentum in greening its economy, and its former leadership in this area is eroding rapidly. Indeed, after a 60% drop in clean

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New Edition - Social policy in the European Union: state of play 2025

Can Europe preserve its distinctive social model while simultaneously rearming, reindustrialising, and reorganising its economy in a more conflictual and competitive world? This is the central question raised in this new edition of the Bilan social, a reference publication released every spring for more than 25 years by the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) and the European Social Observatory (OSE).

READ HERE
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Is financial resilience and trust in Europe faltering?

In this episode of Eurofound Talks, host Mary McCaughey and senior researcher Eszter Sandor unpack the results of the 2025 Living and Working in the EU e-survey. While headline inflation has stabilised at 2.1%, the data reveals a continent gripped by chronic precariousness, with 57% of respondents now at risk of depression. Mary and Eszter explore how this economic insecurity is impacting institutional trust and democratic engagement.

LISTEN HERE
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Read the book "The open future and its enemies" 

A robust democracy must not leave the future in the hands of the alliance between Big Tech and the far right. AI must be politically reined in and democratically shaped so that humanity retains its sovereignty.

Artificial intelligence is regarded as the driving force of progress. Yet it has long since become a challenge to democracy. The book argues that uncontrolled AI will erode our freedom, self-determination and democracy.

READ THE BOOK
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WSI Minimum Wage Report 2026

Minimum wage policy across Europe has shifted significantly, with many EU countries raising wages above average and anchoring them to adequate living standards. This trend is consolidating as countries increasingly adopt the reference values recommended in the European Minimum Wage Directive — recently upheld by the European Court of Justice.

DOWNLOAD THE REPORT
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S&D Africa Days 2026

We are pleased to invite you to save the date for the S&D Africa Days 2026, taking place on 30 June and 1 July 2026, in Brussels. 

At a time when Africa is too often viewed through narrow and one-sided narratives, this initiative reflects a key political priority for the S&D Group: to advance a renewed, forward-looking partnership of equals between Europe and Africa based on equality, solidarity, social justice and shared progress. 

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“What is the actual purpose of the state?” – this central question is the focus of the analysis. At a time when bureaucratic processes are making life difficult for citizens, the paper proposes a three-part model. It aims at a conception of the state as a platform that helps society build the capabilities it needs to address its problems effectively.

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